Graphene is a flat sheet of carbon atoms arranged in hexagons. Fullerenes are molecules of carbon in the shape of spheres, ellipses and tubes. C60 is known as buckminsterfullerene, or a buckyball, and is a spherical fullerene. Carbon nanotubes, also known as buckytubes, are fullerenes in the shape of a tube.

What is the difference in structure between graphite and fullerenes?

Diamond is a giant macromolecular structure, whereas graphite is a layered structure of hexagonal rings. C60 fullerene consists of spheres made of atoms arranged in hexagons. Diamond has covalent bonding, whilst graphite and C60 fullerene have covalent bonding and London dispersion forces.

What are the properties of fullerene?

Their unique molecular structure results in extraordinary macroscopic properties, including high tensile strength, high electrical conductivity, high ductility, high heat conductivity, and relative chemical inactivity (as it is cylindrical and "planar" — that is, it has no "exposed" atoms that can be easily displaced).

What is the difference between fullerene and buckminsterfullerene?

is that fullerene is (inorganic chemistry) any of a class of allotropes of carbon having hollow molecules whose atoms lie at the vertices of a polyhedron having 12 pentagonal and 2 or more hexagonal faces while buckminsterfullerene is an allotrope of carbon having a hollow molecule consisting of 60 atoms arranged in 12 ...

What are fullerenes used for?

Fullerene is able to fit inside the hydrophobic cavity of HIV proteases, inhibiting the access of substrates to the catalytic site of enzyme. It can be used as radical scavenger and antioxidant. At the same time, if exposed to light, fullerene can produce singlet oxygen in high quantum yields.

Is buckminsterfullerene harder than diamond?

The fullerene molecule has excellent mechanical rigidity. At the same time, the fullerite crystal is a soft material under normal conditions, but becomes harder than diamond under pressure (due to the 3-D polymerization).

Is the C60 hard?

When C60 is compressed at 3 GPa and heated to 700°C it produces a form of carbon that is semimetallic and has a hardness that is approximately two-thirds that of diamond.

What is graphene used for?

Graphene has a lot of promise for additional applications: anti-corrosion coatings and paints, efficient and precise sensors, faster and efficient electronics, flexible displays, efficient solar panels, faster DNA sequencing, drug delivery, and more.

Which is more stable diamond or fullerene?

Graphite is more stable than diamond and fullerene because its enthalpy of formationΔHof is less than that of both diamond (1.98 kJmol-1) and fullerene (38.1 kJmol-1) at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. ... Diamond has a three dimensional rigid structure in which carbon is sp3hybridized.

Can graphene conduct electricity?

A graphene sheet is a single layer of graphite. Graphene conducts electricity and is used in loudspeakers. The picture shows the structure of graphene.

Why is diamond so hard?

The outermost shell of each carbon atom has four electrons. In diamond, these electrons are shared with four other carbon atoms to form very strong chemical bonds resulting in an extremely rigid tetrahedral crystal. It is this simple, tightly-bonded arrangement that makes diamond one of the hardest substances on Earth.

Is fullerene a good conductor of electricity?

Yes, Buckminister fullerene is a good conductor of electricity. If we look at the structure of fullerene carefully, each carbon atom forms covalent bonds with 3 other carbon atoms. This means for every carbon Atom, there will be one free-moving electron moving about the structure.

What was the first fullerene to be discovered?

Fullerene, also called buckminsterfullerene, any of a series of hollow carbon molecules that form either a closed cage (“buckyballs”) or a cylinder (carbon “nanotubes”). The first fullerene was discovered in 1985 by Sir Harold W. Kroto (one of the authors of this article) of the United Kingdom and by Richard E.

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